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CIENCIAS
DE LA SALUD
medicina - fisioterapia - actividad física - psicología - etc.
Determining the social and psychological reasons for the emergence of parkour and free running ‒ An interpretive phenomenological analysis
Autor
Wallace
2013
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University of Salford
Tipo de publicación
Tesis doctoral o similar
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Parkour, free running, self-improvement, endurance, discipline, strength, Flexibility and balance.
Resumen
Parkour and free running are newly emerged high risk urbanised activities still relatively understudied. They don't appear to be subject to rules and regulations with aims and objectives being unclear. There are no distinct signs of competition and yet competitors are extremely trained, highly ordered, thriving on the danger and adrenaline participation produces. The participants perform dangerous gymnastic movements utilising awkward obstacles without the use of protective clothing and don't appear to be concerned with the welfare of people in the vicinity. The activities are associated with self-improvement, endurance, discipline, strength, flexibility and balance. Parkour and free running videos are frequently posted on the self-broadcast website, YouTube. Here participants can be seen leaping from high buildings, climbing walls and jumping between handrails. This study presents the results of a phenomenological study of eight parkour and free running participants. A systematic IPA procedure was incorporated into the study to enter into a participant's reality to obtain experiences of parkour and free running. Through IPA interviews participants describe their experiences of the phenomenon being studied. It was discovered that participation provides emotional, physical and psychological development, health benefits, the development of new skills (e.g., pushing personal boundaries), an increased sense of individuality, an opportunity to acquire status and develop a new personal identity, the generation of personal meaning (philosophy, spirituality and aesthetics) and an increased sense of belonging (distinct group norms, subculturally shared experiences and a unique sense of authenticity). The participants explained that they were initially motivated by thrill seeking, risk, improved health and enjoyment. They asserted that participation provides physical and mental training, a sense of mastery and personal challenge. Regular practise and commitment furnishes a participant with a sense of being in the present and a deepened sense of spirituality and enjoyment. The unique characteristics of parkour and free running (e.g., philosophy, environment, spirituality, perception and aesthetics) are linked to the characteristics of extreme sport which indicates that parkour and free running are part of a counter culture.
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Clasificación de las praxis motrices de turismo activo en entornos naturales
Autor
Del Toro & González
2011
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Acción motriz
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Turismo activo, Entorno natural, Praxis motriz, Clasificación.
Resumen
El turismo activo en entornos naturales se caracteriza porque la principal motivación del viajero es la posibilidad de practicar algún tipo de actividad física en entornos portadores de incertidumbre requiriendo al participante o participantes una continua adaptación ambiental para disfrutar al margen de una competición oficial o reglada. El objetivo de este artículo es el de ofrecer una herramienta que permita agrupar el conjunto de praxis vinculadas al turismo activo en entornos naturales de forma homogénea de acuerdo a su estructura interna, para facilitar así su estudio y comprensión. Para ello nos hemos propuesto diseñar una clasificación que se ajuste a la realidad de estas praxis de turismo activo en entornos naturales.
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Physical fitness profile of Le Parkour practitioners
Autor
Leite et al.
2011
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Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Portugés
Palabras clave
physical fitness, Le Parkour, physical assessment, health.
Resumen
The aim of this study was to evaluate physical fitness of Le Parkour practitioners in the city of Curitiba-PR. 13 male subjects (19.46 ± 2.82 years) who have been practicing the activity for more than six months participated in the study. Anthropometry and tests of physical fitness (back-and-forth 20-meter running, 1-minute abdominal, flexion and extension of the arms, vertical and horizontal push, sit-and-reach test and Wingate) were performed. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and are classified based on the reference tables for each test. After evaluating the VO2max, 53.85% of the practitioners were considered "low fitness" and 46.15% presented adequate cardiorespiratory fitness. Regarding strength /abdominal resistance, 46.15% of subjects were classified as "low fitness" and 53.85% as "recommended range". The peak power and average power were considered as "regular" in all subjects. The fatigue index was greater than or equal in 54% of subjects. Flexibility was assessed as "low fitness" in 69.23% of the sample. Assessment of strength / endurance of upper limbs presented 84.62% in the "recommended range". The results from this study suggest that Le Parkour, as an acyclic activity with emphasis on jumping and activities of strength in arms, led best values on tests of dynamic horizontal, vertical and strength of upper limbs. Meanwhile the other variables were below average, which should be considered in the prescription of exercises and the monitoring of individuals during the activity's practice. Further studies with larger samples and training control Le Parkour practitioners are suggested.
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Comparación del nivel de Habilidades y Capacidades Físicas en jóvenes practicantes de Parkour con alumnos del Sistema Escolar Municipal, Subvencionado y Particular
Autor
Ramírez-Sánchez
2008
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Universidad de Playa Ancha de las Ciencias y la Educación
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo Fin de Grado/Máster o similar
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
parkour, habilidad motriz, capacidad física, traceur, aprendizaje significativo
Resumen
El objetivo de este estudio es conocer y comparar el nivel en que se manifiestan lashabilidades motoras y las capacidades físicas en niños en edad escolar que practican Pk, enrelación a alumnos del sistema escolar, con una muestra constituida por 173 varones, distribuidosen alumnos de Octavo básico, Primero y Segundo medio respectivamente, pertenecientes alsistemas escolar , cuyas edades varían entre los 13 y los 16 años.Se realizaron tres tests, dos de fuerza explosiva de piernas (Detente Vertical, SaltoHorizontal Sin Impulso) y uno de agilidad (Test de Carrera con Obstáculos). Al analizar losresultados obtenidos por los colegios por separados, exceptuando al Pk, podemos concluir que losmás eficientes por test son: el Colegio Nacional, test de agilidad (8,44 seg.), el ColegioChampagnat, test de salto horizontal (2,43 m.) y el Colegio Champagnat en el salto vertical (62cm.). Sin embargo, al momento de comparar los resultados con el Pk, se puede concluir que estegrupo fue superior y constante en todas las pruebas realizadas, obteniendo una media (promedio)de 9.57 seg. en agilidad, 2.26 m. en el salto horizontal y 45.7 en el salto vertical, demostrando asíun mejor rendimiento en el desarrollo de las capacidades físicas y habilidades motorasestudiadas.
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Parkour: A New Extreme Sport and a Case Study
Autor
Miller & Demoiny
2008
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Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
public space
Resumen
Parkour is an extreme sport that has been popular in Europe for a few years. This sport has now made it across the Atlantic and is quickly gaining popularity in the United States. Participants of this activity, known as parkouristes, try to overcome obstacles in their environment in the most efficient manner possible. This can be accomplished by simply jumping or scaling an obstacle, but sometimes this is done in a very acrobatic manner. The sport had a longtime underground following but has now gained media exposure through various television advertisements, and it has even been featured in recent blockbuster films. As a result, many amateurs are attempting to recreate these dangerous stunts without proper protection or guidance. We will review the case of an 18-year-old male who sustained multiple fracture/dislocations of his left foot while practicing parkour. ACFAS Level of Clinical Evidence: 4.
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A displaced paediatric metaphyseal fracture of a distal tibia and fibula sustained during Parkour - A potentially dangerous recreation from France
Autor
McLean et al.
2005
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Journal of Orthopaedics
Tipo de publicación
Cartas al editor
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Athletic Injuries, Fibula Fractures, Adolescence, Radiography
Resumen
Fractures of the metaphyseal distal tibia and fibula are not common fractures in children being only the third most common long bone to fracture. According to Rockwood ankle fractures, including the metaphyseal distal tibia, account for 4.4% of all paediatric fractures
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Los deportes alternativos y la importancia que tienen para el profesional de cultura física, deporte y recreación
Autor
Ayala
2012
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Cuerpo, cultura y movimiento
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Deporte extremo, Deportes urbanos, Ecoaventura, Ecoturismo, DUNT, Tribus urbanas, Parches, Sk8, Traceur, BMX, Parkour.
Resumen
El presente artículo pretende mostrarles a los estudiantes y profesionales de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación la importancia que tienen los deportes alternativos en el ámbito laboral; hay que reconocer que no solo el mundo avanza a pasos agigantados, sino también todas las manifestaciones que se encuentran inmersas en él, como el deporte, específicamente los deportes alternativos, que han evolucionado muy rápido a nivel tecnológico, administrativo, social, cultural, y ambiental. Aunque en la actualidad se encuentra poca bibliografía sobre los deportes alternativos (floorball, indiaca, shuttleball, ultimate y bádminton), hay que reconocer su existencia y el surgimiento de otros nuevos, lo que le exige al profesional de Cultura Física tener conocimiento sobre ellos, con el fin de ser competitivo frente a los profesionales en deporte de instituciones europeas y norteamericanas.
URL
Foot pain after parkour in a 31-year-old man
Autor
Blanco & Lee
2011
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Journal of Musculoskeletal Medicine
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Jumping, Adverse Effects, Foot, Pathology, Pain, Fascia
Resumen
A 31-year-old Asian man presented for evaluation of left foot pain that began on the day before his clinic visit while he was practicing parkour (the physical discipline of training to overcome obstacles within one’s path by using only the human body and objects in the environment). He had no significant medical history. The patient recalled leaping from a platform toward a horizontal bar attached to a wall a few feet away. During the lift-off phase of the jump, he experienced a snapping sensation in his left foot, with subsequent pain in the arch and heel. Immediately after this event, he was unable to ambulate.
URL
When walls are no longer barriers: Perception of wall height in parkour
Autor
Taylor et al.
2011
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Perception
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
Through training, skilled parkour athletes (traceurs) overcome everyday obstacles, such as walls, that are typically insurmountable. Traceurs and untrained novices estimated the height of walls and reported their anticipated ability to climb the wall. The traceurs perceived the walls as shorter than did novices. This result suggests that perception is scaled by the perceiver's anticipated ability to act, and is consistent with the action-specific account of perception.
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Risk-taking behaviour and self-esteem regulation among adolescents: The parkour
Autor
Cazenave & Michel
2008
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Annales Medico-Psychologiques
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Francés
Palabras clave
Resumen
The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between general self-esteem, physical self-worth, sport competence, physical condition, an attractive body, physical strength and the involvement in a risk-taking sport: The parkour.
URL
Paediatric fractures sustained in Parkour (free running)
Autor
McLean et al.
2006
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Injury
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
According to its founders Parkour is the art of moving fluidly from one part of the environment to another. It may also be known as: the art of movement, free running, urban-running or obstacle coursing. Parkour consists of finding new and potentially dangerous ways to traverse the city landscape. The activity is a way of using obstacles in one's path in order to perform jumps and acrobatics. It involves the scaling of walls, roof-running and leaping from building to building.
URL
Bilateral Calcaneal Fractures and ‘‘Free Running’’: A Dangerously Cool Emerging ‘‘Sport’’
Autor
Frumkin
2005
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Annals of Emergency Medicine
Tipo de publicación
Cartas al editor
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
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