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CIENCIAS
DE LA SALUD
medicina - fisioterapia - actividad física - psicología - etc.
El parkour en la potenciación de la fuerza explosiva en adolescentes
Autor
Pérez-Rocha, A. A. & Cabezas-Flores, M. M.
2022
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Polo del Conocimiento: Revista científico - profesional
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Parkour; fuerza explosiva; edades escolares
Resumen
Existe una gran problemática dentro de los salones de clases en donde se puede apreciar que las metodologías que se utilizan en las clases de educación física no siempre pueden ser las correctas, ya que se deja de lado el trabajo de fuerza explosiva, lo que evita que los jóvenes puedan tener los beneficios de desarrollar esta capacidad en edades futuras, existe una alternativa propuesta, que es el trabajo de fuerza con la enseñanza del parkour a los jóvenes, esta disciplina aporta varios beneficios a los estudiantes, como lo son un desarrollo de habilidades motrices, capacidades de fuerza, resistencia y crea una base para cualquier deporte que el estudiante practique o vaya a practicar a futuro, mediante una revisión sistemática, tomándose en cuenta criterios metodológicos, se demuestran que las capacidades desarrolladas al practicar parkour y al mejorar su fuerza explosiva indican que los jóvenes pueden ser aptos para cualquier tipo de deporte que requiera el uso de habilidades corporales. Es importante que se tomen en cuenta el desarrollo de estas habilidades en estas edades escolares junto con el trabajo de desarrollo motriz, ya que son etapas formativas en las que los estudiantes pueden alcanzar sus máximas capacidades, lo que conllevará a una vida activa y saludable. Se puede concluir que con el parkour se puede desarrollar significativamente el trabajo de fuerza explosiva, incluso en más cantidad que realizar entrenamiento de gimnasia o de levantamiento de potencia, por lo que es una alternativa válida para trabajar estas capacidades en los jóvenes.
URL
Understanding children’s preference for park features that encourage physical activity: an adaptive choice based conjoint analysis
Autor
Veitch, J. et al.
2021
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International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
Parks are a key setting for physical activity for children. However, little is known about which park features children prefer and which features are most likely to encourage them to be active in parks. This study examined the relative importance of park features among children for influencing their choice of park for engaging in park-based physical activity.
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Parkour – a bridge between motor activities and live-ability practices in the urban jungle
Autor
Mango, P., Castaldo, F.B. & Calefato, A.
2021
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Journal of Physical Education and Sport
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Parkour, urban jungle, movement, environment, Edgework, calculated risk
Resumen
The origin of parkour can be dated back to George Hébert’s studies. It was created in France and quickly spread around the world. This motor discipline is commonly defined as “art du déplacement”, and its aim is to adapt one’s movements to the surrounding environment, both natural and urban. Parkour transforms towns from still and impersonal spaces into places for creativity, learning, and self-knowledge. In fact, a practitioner (before beginning to move) will continuously wonder about his motivations and his physical perceptions, converse with his fears, and look for his psychophysical balance. In 2019, the Italian Ministry of Health invited to consider unstructured activities to promote active life and make individual and collective gratification elements available. With this aim, parkour (as a mainly sensory–motor discipline) is very useful owing to its educational purposes, in particular when children are involved, because their approach to senses is still free from social and family conditioning. Parkour is a movement practice, which requires considerable physical, mental, and emotional training. We discuss the relationship between parkour and edgework (a socio-psychological concept about voluntary risk-taking; Lyng S., 1990) because parkour practitioners are exposed to risks that seem greater than what is socially acceptable. This study analyzes parkour as an outdoor activity, as an expression of flourishing (Nussbaum M, 2007) from the point of view of the urban jungle and as a denunciation of unsuitability of urbanization for the natural needs of the human being. We confirmed that the edgework approach was a very effective tool for practitioners to improve their specific skills and their personal lives. Parkour poses the questions; the practitioner’s aim is to find the answers.
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Effects of Functional Movement Skills on Parkour Speed-Run Performance
Autor
Strafford, B.W. et al.
2021
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Eur J Sport Sci
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
Parkour speed-runs require performers (known as Traceurs) to negotiate obstacles with divergent properties such as angles, inclinations, sizes, surfaces, and textures in the quickest way possible. The quicker the run, the higher the performer is ranked. Performance in Parkour speed-runs may be regulated through Parkour Traceurs' basic movement skill capacities given the physical requirements of the event. This study examined what functional movement skills correlate with Parkour speed-run performance. Nineteen male Parkour Traceurs undertook a physical testing battery inclusive of: agility T-test, maximal grip strength test, and maximal vertical and horizontal jumps across several jump modalities. For the speed-run, Parkour Traceurs navigated an indoor Parkour installation. Pearson's correlation analyses (r) revealed that agility T-test performance showed a significant negative correlation with Parkour speed-run performance, whereas standing long jump and counter movement jump (with and without arm swing) were significantly positively correlated with Parkour speed-run performance. Concurrent with the intrinsically-linked building blocks in the Athletic Skills Model, the data from the present study suggest that performance in Parkour-speed-runs are underpinned by functional movement skills (jumping, running; arm swinging) and conditions of movement (agility), all of which encapsulate elements of basic motor properties (speed; strength). From a practical perspective, the agility T-test, standing long jump, and counter movement jump without and without arm swing can form a basic battery to evaluate the physical effects of Parkour speed-run interventions on functional movement skills.
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Parkour-Based Activities in the Athletic Development of Youth Basketball Players
Autor
Williams, M.D. et al.
2021
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Front Physiol
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
affordance landscape; fundamental movement skills; non-linear pedagogy; strength training; youth athletes.
Resumen
While ideas from long-term athlete development (LTAD) models have been adopted and integrated across different sports, issues related to early specialization, such as increased risk of injury and burnout, are still common. Although some benefits may be associated with early sport specialization, sports sampling is purported to be a more effective approach to the long-term health and wellbeing of children. Furthermore, the concept of developing what are commonly referred to as "fundamental movement skills" (FMS) is central to the rationale for delaying single sports specialization. However, in place of sports sampling, it appears that the practice of strength and conditioning (S&C) has become a driving force behind developmental models for youth athletes, highlighted by the growing body of literature regarding youth athletic development training. In this perspective piece, we explore how conventional S&C practice may insufficiently develop FMS because typically, it only emphasizes a narrow range of foundational exercises that serve a limited role toward the development of action capabilities in youth athletic populations. We further discuss how this approach may limit the transferability of physical qualities, such as muscular strength, to sports-specific tasks. Through an ecological dynamics lens, and using basketball as an example, we explore the potential for parkour-based activity within the LTAD of youth basketball players. We propose parkour as a training modality to not only encourage movement diversity and adaptability, but also as part of an advanced strength training strategy for the transfer of conventional S&C training.
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“I am going out!” – lifestyle sports and physical activity in adolescents
Autor
Janeckova, K. et al.
2021
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BMC Public Health
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Self-organized activities, Unstructured leisure, Sedentary behaviour, Youth, Inactivity, Lifestyle
Resumen
Lifestyle sport activities (e.g. parkour or skateboarding) are considered attractive and beneficial for a long-term commitment to physical activity (PA) and might be a great opportunity for adolescents who do not feel comfortable in an organized or competitive atmosphere. The purpose of the study was to assess whether participation in lifestyle activities is associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), out-of-school vigorous physical activity (VPA), and sedentary behaviour in adolescents aged 10–15 years, with major demographic variables (sex, age, socioeconomic status) being taken into account.
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Effect of Eight Weeks Plyometric Training on Some Kinematic Parameters, Horizontal Jumping Power, Agility, and Body Composition in Elite Parkour Athletes
Autor
Abdolrasoul Daneshjoo, S. R.
2020
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Journal of Sport Biomechanics
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Plyometric exercise, Agility, Kinematics, Horizontal jump, Parkour
Resumen
Objective: A high correlation between lower limb explosive power and muscular strength, production of high power levels in the shortest time, and high level of agility are essential to achieve optimal performance in Parkour. It seems that polymetric exercises can make it possible to achieve the highest performance. In this regard, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of an 8-week plyometric exercise program on knee kinematic parameters, body composition, agility and horizontal jumping power of Parkour athletes.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test design, 20 elite Parkour athletes aged 19-26 years were selected and randomly divided into two groups of exercise (n=10) and control (n=10). The exercise group carried out the program for eight weeks, three sessions per week, each for one hour. Before and after exercise, measurements of kinematic parameters of knee, agility, and horizontal jumping power, and body composition in subjects were performed. The collected data were analyzed using t-test considering a significant level of P≤0.05.
Results: Plyometric exercise for eight weeks had a significant effect on knee kinematic parameters of Parkour athletes (P=0.003) and significantly improved their horizontal jump, agility and reduced body fat percentage (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Plyometric exercise can significantly improve kinematic parameters of the knee, increase the jumping power and agility, and reduce body fat percentage in Parkour athletes; however, since Parkour movements are very similar to plyometric exercises, more study is needed.
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A post-COVID-19 lifestyle sport research agenda: Communication, risk, and organizational challenges
Autor
Smith, W.R.
2020
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International Journal of Sport Communication
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
community; social media; stakeholders
Resumen
The cancellations and postponements of large-scale organized sport competitions provided the first indicators of the impact that COVID-19 would have on society. During the pandemic, sport media reporting has focused on cancellations. Although not receiving as much media attention, "lifestyle sports,"such as rock climbing, parkour, BMX, kayaking, or skateboarding, were also impacted by COVID-19 in ways that differ from organized team sports. In this commentary, the author draws upon select media reports and subcultural social media posts to highlight two primary impacts of COVID-19: (a) the civic organizational challenges of limiting lifestyle sport participation and (b) the influence on the social and risk-laden experience of these sports. The article concludes by detailing lifestyle sport stakeholder communication, digital sporting communities, the use of social media for organizing lifestyle sport communities, and sport risk communication as fruitful avenues for future research in a postpandemic lifestyle sports.
URL
Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on sports performance for two profiles of athletes (power and endurance) (COMPETE): A protocol for a randomised, crossover, double blind, controlled exploratory trial
Autor
Grandperrin, Y. et al.
2020
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Trials
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Transcranial direct current stimulation, endurance performance, explosive performance, explosive perfomance, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, primary motor cortex, parkour, cycling
Resumen
Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is promising for improving motor and cognitive performance. Nevertheless, its mechanisms of action are unclear and need to be better characterised according to the stimulated brain area and the type of exercise performed. Methods/design: This is a double-blind crossover study, organised into two parts: the first is to assess the effects of tDCS on explosive performance (jump task) and the second is to assess the effects on endurance performance (cycling time trial task). Participants, who are recreationally active or athletes (parkour practitioners, cyclists), will receive two active tDCS sessions (over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right motor cortex) and one sham tDCS session (part A), or two sequences (one active and one sham) of two daily tDCS sessions over 5 days (part B). Motor and cognitive performance will be compared before and after tDCS sessions (part A), and before and after the first session, after the last session and at day 12 and day 30 of each tDCS sequence (part B). Discussion: This study investigates the acute and repeated effects of tDCS on the motor and cognitive performance of healthy subjects. It will try to evaluate if tDCS could be considered as a neuroenhancement technology according to the physical task investigated (endurance versus explosive).
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Are Children Attracted to Play Elements with an Open Function?
Autor
Lynn van der Schaaf, A., Caljouw, S.R. & Withagen, R.
2020
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Ecological Psychology
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
The present study aimed to determine the degree to which play elements have an “open function”, and whether children are attracted to them. The architect van Eyck hypothesized that play elements with an open function attract playing children because such elements do not suggest a certain type of behavior and are, thus, likely to stimulate the children’s creativity. Children of three different age groups (5-6, 7-8, and 11-12years of age) played freely in a Parkour
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Training habits and lower limb injury prevention in parkour practitioners
Autor
Grosprêtre, S. & El Khattabi, S.
2022
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Movement and Sports Sciences - Science et Motricite
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Freeruning, knee, ankle, sprain
Resumen
Parkour consists of overcoming obstacles mostly in an urban landscape. Little is known regarding usual training habits and injury risks of traceurs, i.e., parkour practitioners. In this study, a 20-min survey have been fulfilled by a population of traceurs regarding training load, habits (type of warm up, physical conditioning, stretching), type of footwear, and number and type of ankle- and knee-injuries during their career. A total of 180 responses were analyzed (24.4 ± 5.9 years old, 21.7% female, 6.0 ± 3.9 years of experience). Participants reported to train 1 to 7 times per week for a mean duration of 2.2 h. 76% practiced stretching exercises. 75.6% practiced physical conditioning in addition to their parkour training (weightlifting, functional exercises). Injury rate was 1.7 per 1000 h of training, mostly ankle sprains and knee contusions. Number of injury and training load were positively correlated. The lack of physical conditioning was also a factor of injury. Knee injuries have been more frequent on participants wearing minimalist shoes. Although training appears well auto-organized and the injury rate quite low some pitfalls require attention, notably in training planning, warm-up, stretching and conditioning. Building training and coaching methods specific to parkour appears essential.
URL
Choreographic techniques for human bodies in weightlessness
Autor
Dipert, R.A.
2021
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Acta Astronautica
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Moment of inertia, Rotation, Human body, Dance, Movement control, Weightlessness
Resumen
Microgravity environments present unique movement and perceptual challenges which are most appropriately explored by movement professional. The high cost of microgravity and space endeavors place utilization of the time in those environments at a premium. We have identified techniques which can be practiced on Earth to increase competence of motion and develop a deeper understanding of reorientation of the human body in microgravity. This research has focused on understanding strategies for planning and executing specific movements, which can be explored in precise and low cost ways. A simulator was coded to explore the dynamics of the human body, which allows for visual and numeric calculations of the body’s moment of inertia eigenvectors and center of mass in a variety of positions. The maneuvers were explored with dance, circus, and parkour artists through the use of parabolic flights, pools, and aerial harnesses.
URL
Influencia del entrenamiento pliométrico en el desarrollo de la fuerza explosiva en el parkour
Autor
Torres Larrea, A. F. & Romero Frómeta, E.
2021
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Lecturas: Educación física y deportes
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Entrenamiento, Pliometría, Fuerza explosiva, Parkour
Resumen
El estudio propone valorar las adaptaciones inducidas por un programa de entrenamiento pliométrico y cómo repercute sobre la dirección del entrenamiento denominada como fuerza explosiva en distintos atletas practicantes de Parkour, para lo cual se realizó un estudio muestra con un total de 25 atletas (n=25; edad=28,5±10,5 años; peso=63±11 kg), género masculino. La investigación se llevó a cabo con un grupo que realizo el programa de entrenamiento pliométrico durante ocho semanas (20 sesiones). Se realizaron cuatro test de saltabilidad para la valoración de la fuerza explosiva, para obtener una valoración inicial y final al terminar el programa. Los test que se aplicaron: test de salto de longitud sin carrera de impulso, test de salto de longitud con un paso de carrera de impulso, test de salto de longitud con tres pasos de carrera de impulso, test de saltabilidad vertical, para procesarlos y realizar una valoración del efecto de la fuerza explosiva del tren inferior de los distintos atletas de Parkour. En los atletas se produjo una mejora significativa en la prueba de salto sin carrera de impulso (p=0,000), el salto con un paso (p=0,000) y con tres pasos de carrera de impulso (p=0,000), mientras que en la prueba de saltabilidad vertical el grado de significancia no llegó a los valores que se esperaba (p=0,065). Se concluyó que a grandes rasgos la fuerza explosiva es directamente proporcional a la realización de un entrenamiento pliométrico con una duración de ocho semanas.
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Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on the psychomotor, cognitive, and motor performances of power athletes
Autor
Grosprêtre, S. et al.
2021
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Sci Rep
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
In sports science, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has many unknown effects on neuromuscular, psychomotor and cognitive aspects. Particularly, its impact on power performances remains poorly investigated. Eighteen healthy young males, all trained in a jumping sport (parkour) performed three experimental sessions: anodal tDCS applied either on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC, cathode in supraorbital area) or on the primary motor cortex (M1, cathode on contralateral shoulder), and a placebo condition (SHAM), each applied for 20 min at 2 mA. Pre and post, maximal vertical and horizontal jumps were performed, associated to leg neuromuscular assessment through electromyography and peripheral nerve stimulations. Actual and imagined pointing tasks were also performed to evaluate fine motor skills, and a full battery of cognitive and psychomotor tests was administered. M1 tDCS improved jump performance accompanied by an increase in supraspinal and spinal excitabilities. dlPFC stimulation only impacted the pointing tasks. No effect on cognitive tests was found for any of the tDCS conditions. To conclude, the type of performance (maximal versus accurate) affected depended upon the tDCS montage. Finally, athletes responded well to tDCS for motor performance while results to cognitive tests seemed unaffected, at least when implemented with the present rationale.
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The degree to which traditional play equipment, Parkour play elements, and Aldo van Eyck’s play sculptures have an open function
Autor
Van Der Schaaf, A.L. et al
2021
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European Early Childhood Education Research Journal
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Affordances, open functions, Parkour play elements, traditional play equipment, van Eyck’s play sculptures
Resumen
The concept of open functions was introduced to capture an intended feature of van Eyck’s seminal play sculptures – they do not suggest a specific action. In a recent study, Van der Schaaf, A. L., S. R. Caljouw, and R. Withagen. (2020. “Are Children Attracted to Play Elements with an Open Function?” Ecological Psychology 32: 79–94) aimed to determine the degree of openness of Parkour play elements by asking participants what behavior children will mainly perform on them. In the present study, we used this method to determine the degree of openness of traditional play elements (e.g. a slide), van Eyck’s play sculptures, and Parkour play elements. In addition, we measured the time participants needed to answer the question of what action children will mainly perform on the different elements. We found that generally the Parkour elements have the highest degree of openness. Interestingly, van Eyck’s play elements appeared not to be that open. Moreover, the reaction time proved to be an alternative measure for the degree of openness.
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Luxation sous talienne interne pure ouverte: à propos d´un cas
Autor
Mmai, O.
2020
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PAMJ Clinical Medicine
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Francés
Palabras clave
Luxation, sous talienne interne, accident de sport
Resumen
La luxation sous talienne est une lésion traumatique rare du pied dans laquelle le calcanéum et l'os naviculaire sont déplacés par rapport au talus qui conserve sa position normale au sein de la mortaise de la cheville. Elle doit être considérer comme une urgence thérapeutique, et aucun traitement n´est spécifique à cette lésion Les auteurs rapportent un cas de luxation sous talienne interne pure ouverte stade 2 de Gustillo et Anderson suite à un accident de sport: Parkour. Le patient a bénéficié d´une réduction urgente suivie d´une stabilisation avec arthroryse par deux broches calcanéo-astragaliennes et deux broches talo-naviculaires, et d´une immobilisation pendant six semaines. Après un recul de 12 mois, les résultats fonctionnels étaient satisfaisants.
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Sport Practice Enhances Athletes’ Observation Capacity: Comparing Scenic Change Detection in Open and Closed Sports
Autor
Grosprêtre, S. & Gabriel, D.
2020
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Perceptual and Motor Skills
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
change blindness, gymnastics, parkour, perception, rock climbing, skill
Resumen
Domain-specific knowledge guides our attention and thus influences our perception. Prior change-blindness research has shown that expert athletes can spot meaningful scene changes more quickly than novices, but less is known of whether this expertise is modulated differentially between open and closed sporting activities. We presented 81 individuals (20 gymnasts, 19 rock climbers, 22 parkour practitioners, and 20 control participants) with alternating sequences of images that corresponded to the habitual training landscapes of each group (gymnasiums, rock cliffs, and urban environments, respectively). We included contextual and non-contextual scenic changes to evaluate whether athletes were generally aware of their environments, or whether their observation strategies only targeted sport-related environmental elements. Among these three athletic endeavors, we found that gymnasts were faster at detecting changes in their environment, irrespective of whether or not these changes were contextual to the sports involved. Expert rock climbers presented a domain-specific expertise that was improved even further for contextual changes. Parkour practitioners presented the fastest reaction times in the urban environment and some of the best reaction times for all types of changes. These results confirm that an ability to read the environment is an integral aspect of practice in open-skilled sports, while skills of athletes in closed-skilled sports are more closely related to motor skill repetitions in constant environments. Thus, open skill training may benefit athletes’ guidance of attention. Our finding that parkour practitioners appeared to have developed the widest perceptual abilities was probably linked to these athletes’ extremely wide range of practice environments and with the constant demands of this sport to find solutions in random natural environments that that are not purposely designed for the sport.
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Designing Parkour-style training environments for athlete development: insights from experienced Parkour Traceurs
Autor
Strafford, B.W. et al.
2020
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Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
afordances, athletic development, Athletic Skills Model, donor sport, free running
Resumen
Contemporary models of motor learning implicate the value of Parkour-style training as an activity to enrich athletic performance in different sports. We explored Parkour Traceurs’ experiential knowledge on the range of physical, perceptual, psychological and social skills that they perceive to be developed during Parkour practice and performance. We also investigated their recommendations on how to design Parkour practice to facilitate the development of foundational performance behaviours. Experienced male Parkour Traceurs (n = 14) were interviewed using an open-ended, semi-structured approach, with a two-stage thematic analysis being conducted to identify themes. The analysis identified two dimensions: Skills Developed Through Parkour and Recommendations for Designing Parkour Training Environments. Parkour Traceurs outlined numerous physical (locomotor skills; endurance; strength; agility; balance), perceptual (multi-limb coordination; control precision; rate control; response orientation), psychological (problem-solving; stress relief; self-efficacy; risk management) and social (networking; initiative; social perceptiveness; receptiveness to feedback) capacities and skills that could be augmented through Parkour training. Parkour Traceurs explained how indoor Parkour environments should promote creative and exploratory movement behaviours that enable physical conditioning, whilst enhancing decision-making and action functionality. Responses suggest that these aims are often achieved by designing a modular practice landscape where Parkour Traceurs manipulate the spacing, orientation and angles of bars and wall set-ups to facilitate the development of different perceptual, cognitive and physical skills. In conclusion, this study provides insights on how affordances offered by a Parkour environment could be integrated into practice to enhance athlete self-regulation and transfer of functional behaviours to team sport performance.
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Parkour and Intrinsic Motivation: A Mixed Methods Analysis of Self-Determination Theory in an Emerging Youth Sport
Autor
Carson, J. & Larsen, B.
2020
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Annals of Behavioral Medicine
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
Physical activity is important for improving lifelong health and wellness, yet only a quarter of US children meet physical activity guidelines. Highly competitive youth sports may impact youth dropout and providing alternative options to be active may be a solution. Self-Determination Theory, a psychological theory around the idea of intrinsic versus extrinsic motivation, is an underutilized framework that may be helpful in addressing this issue. We employed a mixed method design to understand how Parkour, an emerging youth sport, may better address psychological needs as defined by Self-Determination Theory. Cross-sectional survey data from 38 children/adolescents (ages 7-17) enrolled in Parkour versus other sports were compared, and 15 of the Parkour participants were individually interviewed to gain a deeper understanding. There were significant differences between the two groups for their motivations and physical activity habits, and the addition of the qualitative data illustrates the potential advantages of Parkour to reach children who may be otherwise uninterested. This study provides an important background for future research into Parkour that has thus far been limited.
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Augmented reality-based rehabilitation of gait impairments: Case report
Autor
Held, J.P.O. et al.
2020
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JMIR mHealth and uHealth
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
HoloLens 2, gait, rehabilitation, stroke, augmented reality, sensors
Resumen
Background: Gait and balance impairments are common in neurological diseases, including stroke, and negatively affect patients' quality of life. Improving balance and gait are among the main goals of rehabilitation. Rehabilitation is mainly performed in clinics, which lack context specificity; therefore, training in the patient's home environment is preferable. In the last decade, developed rehabilitation technologies such as virtual reality and augmented reality (AR) have enabled gait and balance training outside clinics. Here, we propose a new method for gait rehabilitation in persons who have had a stroke in which mobile AR technology and a sensor-based motion capture system are combined to provide fine-grained feedback on gait performance in real time. Objective: The aims of this study were (1) to investigate manipulation of the gait pattern of persons who have had a stroke based on virtual augmentation during overground walking compared to walking without AR performance feedback and (2) to investigate the usability of the AR system. Methods: We developed the ARISE (Augmented Reality for gait Impairments after StrokE) system, in which we combined a development version of HoloLens 2 smart glasses (Microsoft Corporation) with a sensor-based motion capture system. One patient with chronic minor gait impairment poststroke completed clinical gait assessments and an AR parkour course with patient-centered performance gait feedback. The movement kinematics during gait as well as the usability and safety of the system were evaluated. Results: The patient changed his gait pattern during AR parkour compared to the pattern observed during the clinical gait assessments. He recognized the virtual objects and ranked the usability of the ARISE system as excellent. In addition, the patient stated that the system would complement his standard gait therapy. Except for the symptom of exhilaration, no adverse events occurred. Conclusions: This project provided the first evidence of gait adaptation during overground walking based on real-time feedback through visual and auditory augmentation. The system has potential to provide gait and balance rehabilitation outside the clinic. This initial investigation of AR rehabilitation may aid the development and investigation of new gait and balance therapies.
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