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HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS SOCIALES
sociología - antropología - filosofía - historia - derecho - etc.
Parkour v mezích materiality
Autor
Ondřej
2017
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Západočeská univerzita v Plzni
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo Fin de Grado/Máster o similar
Idioma
Checo
Palabras clave
Resumen
The author, in his diploma thesis examines the relationship between parkour and materiality, through the observation of a small group of traceurs, research on the internet and a discourse analysis of a set of videos. Parkour and all its features, its specific form, are achieved through associations (mutual relationships) of the various actors - the traceurs, the space and the shoes traceurs wear. Parkour exists within the limits of materiality, it is influenced by it – materiality has the ability to act in relation to traceurs (parkour). Traceurs are aware of the surfaces and their attributes. For example, they care about what kinds of sole their shoes have and how „grippy“ it is (how much it slides on different surfaces etc.). Traceurs are also aware of the impact of certain moves on their body in relations to materials, height, distance etc.
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Formas de socialización, industrias culturales y nuevas sensibilidades; explorando los mundos juveniles
Autor
Vanegas
2017
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Universidad de Antioquía
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo Fin de Grado/Máster o similar
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Resumen
El trabajo tiene como propósito principal generar una exploración crítica por las realidades juveniles en el mundo actual, el concepto de industrias culturales permitió la comprensión crítica del arte y el entretenimiento en el mercado capitalista, por otro lado el concepto de nuevas sensibilidades posibilitó comprender a los mundos juveniles en sus potencialidades como constructores de nuevas relaciones sociales y nuevas pautas culturales cargadas con contenidos éticos renovados.
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Le Parkour. Effective (Um-)Wege in postfordistichen Stadtlandschaften
Autor
Termeer
2017
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Berliner Beiträge zur Kulturwissenschaft
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Alemán
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
Parkour and the City: Risk, masculinity, and meaning in a postmodern sport
Autor
Kidder
2017
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Rutgers University Press
Tipo de publicación
Libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
Signposting risk Parkour parks and the materialities of regulation
Autor
Gilchrist & Osborn
2017
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Lifestyle Sports and Public Policy
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
This chapter draws upon a longitudinal study of the evolution of parkour spaces in the UK in order to illustrate how parkour is being co-constructed with, and by, the law. We subject to close examination the information sign at the parkour park as a material and symbolic artefact that can both illuminate the values and philosophies of the sport, as well as being a socio-legal artefact that may document processes of juridification: the enfolding of sport into legal and regulatory frameworks and modes of thinking. We read the sign as a 'text', albeit one that may include pictorial depictions, which makes known an underlying reality about the culture of parkour at a particular moment. The sign is read as a correspondence to truth in that we see it as reflecting an objective reality, anchoring key messages which are derived from the inputs of various actors - traceurs, parkour crews, coaches, local authorities, facilities providers - as they have come to reflect and debate the meanings of the activity. Signs are also viewed in explicitly cultural terms, informing us how parkour space is being imagined, how place is made and how cultural meanings are asserted. We also attend to the contexts of the sign, its changing form and content as different iterations of advice and guidance have appeared at parkour parks over time. In this respect, the sign is read not only for its prescriptions of behaviour occuring at the site and how it structures citizenship, but also how it reveals evolving policies and adherences to legal stipulations around permissible risk and safe practice, in ways that can lead to a sharper legal contextualisation of parkour spaces
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Parkour as a pas de deux: Learning to dance with and within unstable spaces
Autor
Gravestock
2016
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Theatre, Dance and Performance Training
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Parkour, pas de deux, drawing, duet, scenography
Resumen
Whilst the show and tricks of Parkour are often attributed to a theatrical event, Parkour enthusiasts fiercely dismiss the idea that what they do is performance. For the Parkour participant, often known as the Traceur, Parkour is a personal journey created by efficient and effective movement from point A to point B. However, in spite of the self-contained nature of Parkour, the Traceur will frequently attract an accidental audience and is now extending its reach into other fields. It is therefore relevant to question how Traceurs create and develop their performance, and how other performance training practices that share similar conditions and objectives could benefit from this understanding. To investigate the training practices used by the Traceur, this paper refers to Higgins, who applies a performance-based vocabulary to discuss and describe contemporary Parkour practice. Using a drawing as a research approach, the article examines Higgins’ application of dance as a means to better understand the Traceur’s process and uses this comparison to break the training process down further. Doing so reveals how the space in which they perform becomes a creative and pedagogical partner with a value that extends beyond Parkour and into other creative disciplines.
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‘Look at what we can do with all the broken stuff!’ Youth agency and sporting creativity in sites of war, conflict and disaster
Autor
Thorpe
2016
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Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Youth, action sports for development, agency, conflict and post-disaster, sport for development
Resumen
Too often youth are considered ‘victims’ in sites of war, conflict and disaster, with little consideration for their perspectives and ability to develop culturally specific responses to such conditions and events. Thus, unique forms of youth agency, creativity and resourcefulness continue to be overlooked. This paper adopts an interdisciplinary, multi-scale approach to reveal examples of youth agency and sporting creativity within local contexts of conflict and post-disaster, and signals important considerations for Sport for Development and Peace organisations working in such locations. Examining the different scales at which youth are engaging with informal, non-competitive action sports (i.e. skateboarding, parkour) in sites of conflict and disaster, this paper consists of three parts: (1) youth agency in sites of conflict, (2) youth agency in sites of post-disaster, and (3) transnational corporations use of action sports for ‘cause marketing’ in contexts of ‘disaster capitalism’. Each section offers insights from a series of on-going case studies (including interviews, media analysis and digital ethnography) in the post-disaster zones of Christchurch and New Orleans, and conflict zone of Palestine. In so doing, this paper offers a critical examination of the fluid and dynamic nature of youth agency and everyday politics in disrupted and dangerous geographies, but ultimately advocates the need to locate such initiatives within the broader flows of power, which are never neutral, equal or consistent.
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If I climb a wall of ten meters: Capoeira, parkour and the politics of public space among (post) migrant youth in Turin, Italy
Autor
De Martini Ugolotti & Moyer
2016
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Patterns of Prejudice
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
capoeira, immigration, parkour, public space, social navigation, Turin, youth
Resumen
Rather than being seen as citizens, the children of immigrants are portrayed as a population to be controlled and contained across Europe. In Italy today, debates about cultural ‘authenticity’ and renewed nationalism accompany waves of moral panic that depict a country under siege by illegal and unwanted immigrants. Specifically in cities, immigrants and their children are imagined and portrayed as alien and out of place. Drawing on fourteen months of ethnographic research in Turin, Italy, with children of immigrants aged between 16 and 21, De Martini Ugolotti and Moyer illustrate how these youth make use of their bodies through capoeira and parkour practices to contest and reappropriate public spaces, thereby challenging dominant visions about what constitutes the public, how it should be used and by whom. They analyse the ‘body in place’ to understand how the children of immigrants navigate unequal spatial relations and challenge dominant regimes of representation, while also attempting to improve their life conditions and reach their personal goals.
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Parkour, Gendered Power and the Politics of Identity
Autor
Wheaton
2016
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Women in Action Sport Cultures
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Female Participant, Action Sport, Dominant Discourse, Fitness Class, Masculine Identity
Resumen
In this chapter I explore gendered power relations in the predominantly urban- based and male-dominated activity of parkour. I draw on empirical research conducted in England, and media commentaries, including a case study of women in Iran. I highlight parkour’s unique ethos and dominant form of masculinity, illustrating that despite the male dominance, parkour appears not to embrace some central aspects of traditional sporting masculinity such as the win-at-all cost ethos, aggression, and exclusion. However despite this desire for inclusivity, and evidence of men’s attempts to involve and encourage women, for some women parkour spaces are nonetheless perceived as alienating, and all women environments have provided ‘safer’ spaces for entry. I highlight the contradictions faced by women who participate in parkour, and advocate for more extensive research that focuses on female participants experiences.
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In the eyes and legs: Use and representation of space in new urban cultures
Autor
Genova
2016
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Rivista Geografica Italiana
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
Since the Sixties a growing set of sports different from traditional ones has appeared. Still nowadays one of the main distinctive elements of the two categories of sports is the relationship with the space, namely the use of weakly organized portions of space, and in particular of not-reserved places, by the new sports. Aim of this article is an in-depth analysis of the relationship between practitioners and the space, focusing on new urban sports, and in particular on two: Parkour and skateboard. By considering the practitioners' sensitivities and their perspectives, the article aims then at identifying an efficient interpretation of the relationship which skaters and traceurs develop with urban territory and with its places.
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Etnografía del teatro popular: "un estudio sobre la aproximación a los espacios comunitarios y la producción material mediante el teatro"
Autor
Morales
2017
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Universidad del Valle
Tipo de publicación
Tesis doctoral o similar
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Etnografía, Teatro popular, Espacio público, Procesos sociales, creación artística
Resumen
Este proyecto surge de un interés por articular las disciplinas del arte y el diseño con el fin de documentar procesos sociales a través de la práctica de las artes integradas. Presenta una caracterización de los espacios comunitarios a través de la práctica teatral y su estrecha relación con la producción material y la dinámica social de una comunidad determinada. Llevando a cabo una investigación etnográfica mediante un estudio de caso que permite establecer las relaciones planteadas entre la práctica artística, el espacio y la comunidad.
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Undisciplined spaces Lifestyle sports and sport-for-all policies in Italy
Autor
Sterchele et al.
2017
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Lifestyle Sports and Public Policy
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
In the last decades, parkour as an urban bodily practice has gained an extraordinary visibility in the global sportscape, thanks to its precocious mediatisation in blockbuster movies and documentaries, in internet video channels like Youtube, on websites and on social networks. In Italy, too, it has rapidly become popular among young people. The chapter examines the role of UISP (Unione Italiana Sport per Tutti, Sport-for-All Italian Union), the largest Italian sport-for-all organisation, in the diffusion and legitimation of parkour within the Italian context, which also becomes a way for UISP to legitimise itself as the hegemonic promoter of new/alternative sports in Italy. UISP managed to incorporate into its organisation a large portion of the parkour scene: in 2013 about 70 parkour groups and 1,400 traceurs were formally affiliated, including some of the most active parkour groups in the national landscape
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‘We are rolling and vaulting tonight’: sport programmes, urban regeneration and the politics of parkour in Turin, Italy
Autor
De Martini Ugolotti
2017
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International Journal of Sport Policy
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Youth, sport policy, parkour, Citizenship, Turin, urban regeneration
Resumen
The following paper aims to contribute to an interdisciplinary field of enquiry addressing the ways in which lifestyle and informal sports can inform policy debate and development at various levels. It will do so by considering the ambivalent position that parkour is taking within policies of urban and community re-branding enacted in Turin, Italy. Parkour in Turin is an increasingly structured discipline often endorsed by events celebrating the city’s vibrancy, and by local projects that target youth, and promote social participation. However, this discipline implies also a spontaneous and irreverent engagement with urban spaces that often creates frictions and conflicts between traceurs (parkour practitioners) and other actors in relation to what constitutes the public, how it should be used and by whom. Drawing on 14 months of ethnographic research with a group of 20 traceurs predominantly of migrant origins, this study focuses on the participants’ ambivalent engagement with one project promoting social participation through sports in Turin’s urban spaces. Building on the ethnographic material, this paper addresses the emerging relationship between social projects, informal urban practices and emerging forms of creative urbanism.
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Autor
Saraví
2017
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Cadernos de Formacao RBCE
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Portugués
Palabras clave
Lógica interna; Prácticas corporales urbanas; Taller.
Resumen
Este texto es el producto de una actividad académica llevada adelante bajo el formato pedagógico de taller, donde hemos utilizado como eje de análisis de las prácticas corporales urbanas el concepto lógica interna (PARLEBAS, 1981, 2001), en este caso tomando como ejemplo el skate y el parkour. A través del desarrollo de esta experiencia, y utilizando como marco teórico la Praxiología Motriz, se intentaron brindar algunas herramientas para la interpretación y la comprensión de los modos de funcionamiento de prácticas corporales. El objetivo del taller fue asimismo indagar en como esto puede potencialmente facilitar la enseñanza (y/o su entrenamiento) en el campo de la Educación Física de este tipo de disciplinas.
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Parkour as acrobatics: an existential phenomenological study of movement in parkour
Autor
Aggerholm & Højbjerre Larsen
2017
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Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
acrobatics, embodiment, motor intentionality, parkour, henomenology
Resumen
The aim of this paper is to pursue a novel understanding of parkour. Through an existential phenomenological analysis based on the phenomenology of embodiment and spatiality found in Merleau-Ponty and drawing on Sloterdijk’s philosophical account of acrobatics, we will examine the bodily experience of practitioners in parkour and analyse their process of practising and performing tricks as an acrobatic movement phenomenon. The practitioners use three central terms to describe this process: challenge, break and clean. We use these terms to frame the analysis of how the practitioners are bodily related to what is not yet possible (challenge), how they repeat towards making new tricks possible (break) and how they perfect their bodily experience of moving (clean). Parkour as acrobatics describes the circular and vertical process of revising and refining one’s bodily relation to the world, through which practitioners are continuously attracted to new challenging moves and carve out new possible movements for themselves and others.
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Buildering, Urban Interventions, and Public Sculpture
Autor
Marshall
2016
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Cities Interrupted
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Buildering, photography
Resumen
URL
Da Rua para o Mundo: Etnografia Urbana Comparada do Graffiti e do Parkour
Autor
Ferrero
2016
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Imprensa de Ciências Sociais
Tipo de publicación
Libro
Idioma
Portugés
Palabras clave
Resumen
O graffiti e o parkour são práticas culturais de rua que têm as cidades contemporâneas como seus palcos por excelência. Através de um trabalho de campo em profundidade nas cidades de Lisboa e de Barcelona e de três breves explorações etnográficas no Rio de Janeiro.
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Y los Libres del Sur responden: La práctica del Parkour en Avellaneda como caso de análisis de los modos de reproducción social
Autor
Schargorodsky
2016
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Cartografías del Sur
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Prácticas corporales, violencia simbólica, procesos de institucionalización, procesos de escolarización
Resumen
El siguiente trabajo intenta aportar a un análisis de las lógicas de reproducción social, haciendo foco en una práctica específica situada, el Parkour en la ciudad de Avellaneda. El Parkour puede pensarse como una práctica disruptiva respecto de ciertos modos estipulados de habitar lo urbano. Sin embargo, esto no lo exime de reproducir algunas lógicas de reproducción social. Puntualmente en Avellaneda se ha conformado la Asociación Civil Deportiva “Libres del Sur Parkour” y, estrechamente vinculada a ella, la Escuela Municipal de Parkour. Observaremos los procesos de institucionalización y escolarización, y las operatorias de violencia simbólica, aun en la conformación de sentidos dominantes contrarios a los dominantes en la sociedad. Por otra parte, veremos al Estado ampliando sus límites (al punto de incluir lo “alternativo” en lo “oficial”) y al mismo tiempo flexibilizando sus lógicas y regulaciones.
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'Taking back the streets': The return of the pedestrian to Parisian urban space
Autor
Mullen
2016
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Universidad de California
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo fin de grado/máster o similar
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
This dissertation is concerned with the Parisian street as a contemporary site of the adoption and contestation of French Republican values by the French State and pedestrians through iterations of street culture. Street culture is a dynamic entity whose properties and norms depend largely on the society in which it is generated. It evolves as those who use the streets, and not merely those who exert power over them, alter their behaviors there, and it also responds to changes that occur to the material sites themselves. This project examines how public spaces in Paris, as lieux de m�moire of significant cultural meaning and importance, have come to be viewed as conduits of a particular and problematic French “Republican” ideal: a universalized notion of equality and secularism. I analyze major spatial changes made to the city in the 19th and 20th centuries that dislocated pedestrians from the streets and discuss how, since 2000, the Parisian government has consequently promoted a rhetoric of “returning the streets” to pedestrians. I explore ways in which the Parisian government and pedestrians themselves have sought to “take back the streets” for foot traffic, and I consider the varying motivations behind those efforts. Specifically, I investigate massive state-sponsored renovations of significant Parisian spaces and the revival of street events as efforts to realize the goal of returning pedestrians to the streets, and thus to the site of the transmission of Republican values. I also examine the inversion of “returning” the streets to pedestrians through pedestrian-motivated initiatives to “take back” the streets. I explore the conceptual, embodied, and artistic practices that pedestrians utilize in Parisian urban spaces to challenge the narrative of cultural assimilation imposed on them by those spaces. Those practices include subjective mapping; physically tracing space in the city through the playful and ephemeral activities of rollerblading and parkour; and the creation and implementation of street art, all of which promote a street culture based on the formation of social bonds.
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Parkour e valores morais: ser forte para ser útil
Autor
Vieira & Galvão
2016
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Motrivivência (Florianópolis)
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Portugés
Palabras clave
Valores Sociales: Deportes/ética: Desarrollo Moral
Resumen
Este estudo objetiva apreender os discursos científicos e "populares" divulgados sobre o Parkour, priorizando a identificação de valores morais relacionados a essa prática corporal. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura acadêmica científica e uma revisão sistemática de reportagens divulgadas em mídias "populares" através do descritor "Parkour". Os resultados evidenciaram que características como companheirismo, respeito, altruísmo, integração social e responsabilidade estão presentes no Parkour; por outro lado, também sugeriram que seu processo de popularização tem facilitado a divulgação de uma imagem distorcida da prática, supervalorizando valores morais distantes daqueles preconizados pelos seus idealizadores.: This study aims to seize the scientific discourses and "popular" released about the Parkour, prioritizing the identification of moral values related to this practice. Was performed a systematic review of scientific academic literature and a systematic review of articles published in media "popular" using the descriptor "Parkour". The results showed that characteristics such as companionship, respect, altruism, social integration and responsibility are present on Parkour; on the other hand, also suggested that the process of popularization of Parkour has facilitated the dissemination of a distorted image of their practice, overvaluing distant moral values from those recommended by their creators.: Este estudio tiene como objetivo conocer el discurso científico y "popular", divulgadas acerca del Parkour, dando prioridad a la identificación de los valores morales. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura académica científica y una revisión sistemática de los artículos publicados en los medios de comunicación "popular", mediante el descriptor "Parkour". Los resultados mostraron que características como el compañerismo, el respeto, el altruismo, la integración social y la responsabilidad están presentes en Parkour; por otra parte, también se sugirió que el proceso de popularización de Parkour ha facilitado la difusión de una imagen distorsionada de su práctica, sobrevalorar los valores morales distantes los recomendados por sus creadores.
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