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HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS SOCIALES
sociología - antropología - filosofía - historia - derecho - etc.
El parkour en Avellaneda. Tensiones entre reproducción social, violencia simbólica y los Libres del Sur
Autor
Schargorodsky
2015
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XI Congreso Argentino de Educación Física y Ciencias
Tipo de publicación
Publicación en congreso
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Prácticas corporales, Violencia Simbólica, Institucionalización, Procesos de Escolarización.
Resumen
El siguiente trabajo intenta aportar a un análisis de las lógicas de reproducción social enfocando en una práctica, en este caso el Parkour en la ciudad de Avellaneda. Para ello observaremos una serie de tensiones entre lo que podemos identificar como operatorias de violencia simbólica y presuntas estrategias para mitigar, contrarrestar, reapropiar o escapar a tales operatorias. El Parkour asoma como un modo de habitar lo urbano que rompe con ciertas lógicas estipuladas. Rompe con la lógica urbanística, en tanto los espacios delimitados a un tránsito funcional son intervenidos por desplazamientos que evidencian otras posibilidades a las del habitual tránsito. Más allá del carácter disruptivo que en teoría podemos atribuir a esta práctica, son observables en el caso analizado algunos modos de institucionalización y reproducción social. Teniendo en cuenta que en Avellaneda se ha conformado la Asociación de Parkour Libes del Sur y la Escuela Municipal de Parkour, analizaremos algunas tensiones entre lo institucional y lo no institucional, entre lo estatal y lo no estatal, entre lo escolar y lo no escolar e intentaremos hacer foco en el funcionamiento de los sentidos dominantes al interior del grupo, en pugna o en consonancia con sentidos dominantes de su contexto social.
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Youth, action sports and political agency in the Middle East: Lessons from a grassroots parkour group in Gaza
Autor
Thorpe & Ahmad
2015
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International Review for the Sociology of Sport
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
youth, middle east, gaza, action sports, parkour
Resumen
In this paper we build upon recent scholarship on the globalization of youth culture and sport to examine the growing popularity of action sports in the Middle East. We focus on the development of the urban physical practice of parkour (also known as free running)—the act of running, jumping, leaping through an urban environment as fluidly, efficiently and creatively as possible—among Middle Eastern youth. Drawing upon interviews and media analysis of various print, digital and social media, we reveal how youth (particularly young men) in Gaza developed their own unique parkour group, despite various social, cultural, economic, physical and psychological obstacles. We explain the proactive approaches adopted by these young men to find appropriate training spaces, to develop the skills of local children and youth, and to support their peer groups. In particular, we describe how these young men are creatively engaging social media (e.g., YouTube, Facebook, Twitter) to gain inspiration from the transnational parkour community, and also for opening new dialogue and establishing informal cultural exchanges with parkour enthusiasts around the world. We conclude by offering some broader comments for the Sport for Development and Peace Building (SDP) movement, encouraging youth-focused SDP initiatives to move beyond the ‘deficit model’ and toward more collaborative projects that provide space for local voices and acknowledge youth agency.
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Climbing walls, making bridges: children of immigrants’ identity negotiations through capoeira and parkour in Turin
Autor
De Martini Ugolotti
2015
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Leisure Studies
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
capoeira, parkour, Turin, leisure, identity, migration
Resumen
Capoeira and parkour are two different body practices which have gained worldwide attention in urban settings in the last few decades. The following paper will explore how capoeira and parkour relate to the construction of identity paths amongst children of immigrants between 12 and 20 in Turin, Italy. It will do so by looking at how such practices are used by young men of migrant origin to negotiate and perform narratives of self-worth, belonging and recognition within marginalising and excluding urban environments. This study acknowledges that social identifications are created, negotiated and (re)produced through bodily and spatial means and within networks of power relations. Following this premise, the insights proposed in this paper suggest that the ambivalent and fluid use of bodies and spaces implied by capoeira and parkour can represent a meaningful lens to understand the embodied and spatial identity negotiations enacted by participants in their daily lives. This theoretical perspective will illuminate the place that active bodies, spaces and leisure practices take in the negotiation of social identities, and dynamics of inclusion/exclusion, enacted by youth of migrant origin within early twenty-first century Turin cityscape.
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Raquetas y "parkour" para unir a toda una comunidad
Autor
Pérez
2014
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Cuadernos de pedagogía
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
Connections: Labeling, Resistance and Edgework through Parkour
Autor
Brent
2014
|
Understanding Deviance: Connecting Classical and Contemporary Perspectives
Tipo de publicación
BS
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
In this collection of 48 reprinted and completely original articles, Tammy Anderson gives her fellow instructors of undergraduate deviance a refreshing way to energize and revitalize their courses. [36 are reprints; 12 are original to this text/anthology] First, in 12 separate sections, she presents a wide range of deviant behaviors, traits, and conditions including: underage drinking and drunk driving, doping in elite sports, gang behavior, community crime, juvenile delinquency, hate crime, prison violence and transgendered prisoners, mental illness, drug-using women and domestic violence, obesity, tattooing, sexual fetishes, prostitution, drug epidemics, viral pandemics, crime control strategies and racial inequality, gay neighborhoods, HIV and bugchasers, and (lastly) youth, multicultural identity and music scenes. Second, her pairing of “classic” and “contemporary” viewpoints about deviance and social control not only “connects” important literatures of the past to today’s (student) readers, her “connections framework” also helps all of us see social life and social processes more clearly when alternative meanings are accorded to similar forms of deviant behavior. We also learn how to appreciate and interact with those who see things differently from ourselves. This may better equip us to reach common goals in an increasingly diverse and ever-changing world. Third, a major teaching goal of Anderson’s anthology is to sharpen students’ critical thinking skills by forcing them to look at how a deviant behavior, trait or condition, can be viewed from opposing or alternative perspectives. By learning to see deviance from multiple perspectives, students will better understand their own and other’s behavior and experiences and be able to anticipate future trends. Balancing multiple perspectives may also assist students in their practical work in social service, criminal justice and other agencies and institutions that deal with populations considered “deviant” in one way or another.
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Is Parkour a Problem? College and University Liability for Extreme Sport Activities
Autor
De Martini
2014
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Recreational Sports Journal
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
higher education: institutional liability: legal risk: university recreation
Resumen
Parkour, an extreme recreational activity in which one overcomes obstacles in the most quick, efficient, and flowing way, encompasses running, jumping, vaulting, and climbing. The activity is gaining popularity on college campuses. The purposes of this study were to survey campus recreation administrators' views and policies on parkour and explore the potential legal liability higher education institutions face with the rise in participation in this potentially dangerous activity. The results showed little sanctioned parkour activity on college campuses and that recreation administrators do not appear to be worried. The legal analysis indicated that currently colleges and universities would not likely face legal liability for students who are injured while participating. However, prudent college recreational professionals must remain aware of new activities on campus and may want to take additional steps to insulate themselves from risks of legal liability. ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR
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Misuse of The Monument: The art of parkour and the discursive limits of a disciplinary architecture
Autor
Lamb
2014
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Journal of Urban Cultural Studies,
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
This article explores the emancipatory potential of misuse. Through the practice of parkour, I investigate misuse as a form of empowerment within entanglements of power demarcating acceptable uses of city space. I critically examine my experience practising parkour on Monument Circle in Indianapolis, Indiana. The research questions include, first, how can we define the misuse of space? What can the misuse of Monument Circle teach us about how architecture communicates the interests of power? Can parkour be a practice of empowerment that challenges spatial expectations of use? Foucault’s discussion of disciplinary power theoretically frames the understanding of discourse, power and the use of misuse. Lefebvre’s theorizations on the production of space ground an understanding of the body in and around architecture. Offered here is an analysis of parkour’s misuse of architecture and its challenge of disciplinary power codified and maintained in the built environment.
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Parkour y pragmatismo. Convergencias históricas
Autor
Lazcano
2014
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Unversidad de Santiago de Compostela
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo Fin de Grado/Máster o similar
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
pragmatismo, parkour, arte del desplazamiento, ADD, free running,instrumentalismo, utilitarismo, somaestética, artes del cuerpo, sociedad espectáculo, situacionismo
Resumen
En este trabajo intento plasmar el intercambio cultural y la deriva socio-económica en que sedesarrollaron el Pragmatismo (en Norteamérica) y el Parkour (en Francia). Ambas disciplinasfilosóficas me parecen representativas de la respuesta naturalista a los excesos del racionalismo y lamodernidad posindustrial. El pragmatismo por el lado más académico, y el parkour por el lado más práctico. Para abordar estas convergencias históricas, así como la situación actual que se le deriva,me voy a centrar en el ambiente social que provocó su emergencia, la respuesta que propusieron yde qué manera evolucionaron a través de sus principales representantes. En el último apartadoveremos cómo, bajo el término somaestética ideado recientemente por Richard Shusterman, parkour y pragmatismo se dan definitivamente la mano.
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Ser y durar: El tiempo y el arte del desplazamiento
Autor
Ferrero
2013
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Azafea. Revista de filosofía
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Arte del Desplazamiento (ADD), Performer/traceur, Tiempo.
Resumen
El Arte del Desplazamiento (ADD), entendido como una forma de interactuación con el espacio, crea situaciones estéticas en medio de las ciudades. Los elementos urbanos son (re)interpretados a través de un tipo de movimiento fluido y eficiente. La espontaneidad y el propio movimiento marca la pauta temporal en la que los lugares empleados se ven trasformados para convertirse en un «terreno de juego», en un «escenario» improvisado. Utilizando el análisis del caso práctico de la performance Ser y Durar del Colectivo Democracia se tratará de explicar la operatividad del ADD como una forma estética que presenta de manera improvisada un evento efímero al espectador casual, y una fuente de conocimiento del entorno al performer/traceur, que busca, más allá de la espectacularidad, una forma de relacionarse con «sus» lugares. En este sentido espacio y tiempo aparecen relacionados para poder comprender esa alteración radical de un lugar por medio del ADD y la vuelta a su original cotidianeidad cuando el movimiento termina.
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Itinerarios del cuerpo y la ciudad. El caso del Parkour
Autor
Scarnatto
2013
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Ciudad y prácticas corporales
Tipo de publicación
Capitulo de libro
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Trazados, Desplazamiento, Geografía urbana, Imaginarios
Resumen
El presente capítulo pretende dar a conocer una síntesis de los resultados alcanzados a lo largo de las tareas desempeñadas en la implementación de la fase b, fundamentalmente referida a la recolección y el procesamiento de información vinculada con el Parkour, una práctica corporal contemporánea que desde comienzos del Siglo XXI tiene lugar en nuestra ciudad. Justificamos nuestra elección en la íntima relación que vincula a los amantes de esta disciplina con la geografía de la ciudad. Creemos que esta particular forma de entrelazar lo corporal con lo urbano resulta un terreno propicio para captar y comprender algunas dinámicas de la cultura corporal.
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Crossing the symbolic boundaries: parkour, gender and urban spaces in Genoa
Autor
Stagi
2015
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Modern Italy
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
parkour, gender, symbolic boundaries
Resumen
This paper shows how girls and women who practise parkour cross the gendered divisions of space, sport and other symbolic territories that are brought into play by so-called risk-taking sports, and how it may therefore be considered a subversive action. The strategies of negotiation produced by such symbolic crossings are examined via the concepts of reproductive and resistant agency and of gender manoeuvring. In particular the concept of gender manoeuvring will be used to examine the mechanisms of inter- and intra-gender inclusion and exclusion which, within subcultures, pass through a recognition of authenticity. Indeed, in the culture of parkour the question of authenticity emerges when media dissemination produces a split into two distinct practices: art du déplacement and freerunning. The traceuses cross this boundary because of their different origin (they are from the streets as opposed to the gym), thereby building within their gender further discourses on authenticity.
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Trazos urbanos: miradas glocales en la ciudad de Toluca
Autor
Cortés-Murillo
2015
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Contratexto
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Resumen
En el presente artículo, se busca comprender la evolución de la ciudad de Toluca en el marco del actual gobierno, para posicionarla como una ciudad global. Pensar las ciudades como acontecimientos públicos es mirarlas como un espacio de comunicación, con una configuración heterogénea, dinámica y tensionada por un conjunto de procesos de carácter local y global. La tríada ciudad-radio-jóvenes representa una guía para acercarnos a lo que sucede en el espacio urbano. En una ciudad que aspira a entrar a las denominadas ciudades globales; donde la Toluca de ayer, de hoy y de mañana ha visto pasar decenas de generaciones, unos acarician ilusiones, otros que soñaron con el futuro, algunos que viven el presente.
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Self and the City: Parkour, Architecture, and the Interstices of the 'Knowable' City
Autor
Lamb
2014
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Liminalities: A Journal of Performance Studies
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
parkour, architecture, body, city, discourse
Resumen
Architecture’s presence in the city acts as a mediator through which the always already historical and social contexts are articulated. Architecture can influence our ability to give a comprehensive account of ourselves in the city. Our knowledge of self, our subjectification, is intertwined in the social conditions of our emergence. In effect, we make choices about which practices, or social actions, to enact based on their commensurability with regulatory norms. In many ways our everyday performances are explicitly tied to the presence of architecture. The purpose of this paper is to explore architecture’s participation in the maintenance of hegemonic discourses circumscribing appropriate uses of city space. To understand the effects of architecture on lived experiences I utilize the art of parkour as both a unit of analysis and as a method of investigation. Parkour’s engagement with architecture opens up a new understanding of the city. The data for this study came from several months of my regular participation in the parkour community in the downtown area of Indianapolis, Indiana. Therefore, I was embedded as much as possible in my field site interacting with other traceurs, conducting interviews, and being an active observing participant. To interpret and analyze the potential of parkour I take the position of the critical ethnographer. The purpose is to investigate how traceurs uncover new ways of understanding themselves, not only in relation to, but also in conjunction with, the architecture of the city. Through parkour, the self then finds its expression in the interstices of the knowable city.
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The Emergence of Action Sports in the Middle East: Imagining New Mobilities with Parkour in Gaza
Autor
Thorpe
2014
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Transnational Mobilities in Action Sport Cultures
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Social Medium, Middle East, Action Sport, Arab World, Refugee Camp
Resumen
To date, action sports have been a predominantly western phenomenon. Despite increasing diversity, many action sports (such as BMX, surfing, skateboarding, snowboarding, windsurfing) have been dominated by young, white, heterosexual, privileged men in North America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand, as well as some Asian countries (particularly Japan) (Beal, 1995; Booth, 2011; Thorpe, 2011; Wheaton & Tomlinson, 1999). Moreover, with many action sports having roots in North America, and the majority of transnational action sport-related media and companies based in the United States, action sports have become closely interconnected with American popular culture, fashion and music, and particularly the ‘cool’ California youth culture aesthetic. For some — though certainly not all — this is part of the appeal. With the development of highly mediated action sport events such as the X Games, Gravity Games, and the inclusion of action sports into the Olympics, highly evocative images of (predominantly North American and European) action sport athletes riding waves, carving down snowy mountains, leaping across buildings and grinding empty swimming pools are reaching even the remotest of destinations. With the rapid expansion of the Internet and the global reach of transnational action sport companies, media and events, combined with the increasingly ‘exotic’ travel patterns of action sport athletes and enthusiasts, children and youth throughout the Eastern world are also exposed to action sports.
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Fun-parks or Parkour? The ambiguities and paradox of planning pro-creative office design
Autor
Thanem & Värlander
2014
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The Handbook on Management and Creativity
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
La resignificación del uso de los espacios públicos a partir de la práctica de deportes urbanos realizada por los jóvenes en Suba: una lectura desde la pedagogía urbana
Autor
Fernández
2014
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Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo Fin de Grado/Máster o similar
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Resumen
Trabajo de grado donde el autor pretende dar a conocer la forma como los jóvenes resignifican el uso de los espacios públicos a través de la practica de los deportes urbanos, debido al gran auge de estas, en espacios que fueron diseñados con un uso específico de acuerdo a la normatividad, pero que desde hace un tiempo, vienen siendo utilizados con el fin de satisfacer las necesidades que van surgiendo de las nuevas ciudadanías, encontrando que de acuerdo a la norma y a las necesidades de este sector de la población, los jóvenes se ven enfrentados a una realidad en cuanto a la estructura de su ciudad que no favorece para nada sus aficiones deportivas y por lo tanto se ven abocados a la transformación de estos espacios trasgrediendo la normas estipuladas, lo que genera un sin número de tensiones tanto con las autoridades, como con algunos miembros de la comunidad. En el proceso de investigación se puede evidenciar que los jóvenes han podido recalificar algunos espacios como andenes, calles, pasos peatonales, escaleras y además han forjado una red de relaciones que favorecen la convivencia entre ellos como jóvenes deportistas, con la comunidad, con las autoridades y con el medio ambiente fomentando valores como la tolerancia, la ayuda mutua, pertenencia, aceptación y respeto a la diferencia además del cuidado al medio ambiente y al entorno. Por otro lado los jóvenes se han organizado motivando a las autoridades tanto locales como distritales para que agenden en sus proyectos actividades que promueven estas prácticas como lo es el festival de verano de Bogotá y las programadas por IDRD como el DUNT que es una ventana para que se puedan exhibir los alcances en estas modalidades.
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Parkour and the Stilled Image
Autor
Marshall
2014
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Inert Cities
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
parkour, photography
Resumen
URL
The aesthetics of urban movement: Habits, mobility, and resistance
Autor
Sharpe
2013
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Geographical Research
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Mobility, aesthetics, parkour, resistancce, habit, felix Raravaisson
Resumen
This paper examines new forms of urban movement from the perspective of embodiment and habit. Utilising Felix Ravaisson's recently revived work, Of Habit, the paper explores the role of grace and embodiment in establishing alternate forms of mobile activity. I argue that it is the mixture of fear and mastery that has the potential to perpetuate certain habits of mobility, leading to an aestheticised relationship to the urban environment, which to some extent overcomes the anaesthesia and blasé attitude that we have come to associate with urban life. My aim is to understand forms like urban cycling, skateboarding, and parkour from the point of view of the micropolitical relations of body, space, and habit. What is at stake here is to rethink the relationship between habit and resistance, in such a way that resistance can be seen in its materiality, rather than in merely reactive or ideological terms.
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Parkour, del origen a la actualidad desde una perspectiva de género
Autor
Carbó
2013
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Universidad da Coruña
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo Fin de Grado/Máster o similar
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
Ya’makasi or the art of displacement in the corporate world: A target’s perspective on the impact of workplace bullying
Autor
Vaughan
2013
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Workplace Bullying: Symptoms and Solutions
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
This chapter presents a case narrative of a target of workplace bullying in higher education in France and explores, from an individual perspective, the negative and debilitating impact of the bullying on her physical, social and professional arena. Moral harassment (bullying) is a widespread phenomenon in France (Hirigoyen, 1998) where the proportion of people who become victims of bullying are similar to those found in other countries (Leymann, 1990). Whilst the issue of bullying in the workplace has gained greater recognition in France since it was introduced into labour and civil legislation in 2002, and more recently due to a wave of high profi le cases in the automobile and telecommunications industry, it remains diffi cult to establish or address with the still limited awareness as to its impact and consequences for the targets.
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