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HUMANIDADES Y CIENCIAS SOCIALES
sociología - antropología - filosofía - historia - derecho - etc.
Breaking the jump: the secret story of parkour's high-flying rebellion
Autor
Tjonndal
2018
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Sport in History
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista - Revisión de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
Análisis crítico de los estereotipos de género en las nuevas tendencias deportivas en los grupos cheerleading (latin warrior) y parkour (natural parkour) del municipio de fusagasugá.
Autor
Hernández
2018
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Universidad de Cundinamarca
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo Fin de Grado/Máster o similar
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Resumen
El presente documento es el resultado de la investigación de orden socio crítico, sobre los estereotipos existentes en las nuevas tendencias deportivas cheerleading en el grupo de latín Warriors y parkour en el grupo natural parkour del municipio de Fusagasugá, quienes por medio de técnicas de recolección de información, se logró hacer un diagnóstico general sobre esta problemática en estas prácticas deportivas, encontrando múltiples factores, a nivel social, personal y familiar que evidencian la creación de estos estereotipos, con el fin de realizar una propuesta de reevaluación y transformación de los estereotipos y que puedan ser aplicadas a futuro, para la aceptación, crecimiento y desarrollo de estas tendencias deportivas y con ello la participación de más personas sin importar su sexo.
URL
Parkour, counter-conducts and the government of difference in post-industrial Turin
Autor
De Martini Ugolotti & Silk
2018
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City
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Turin, Parco Dora, urban regeneration, conduct of conduct, counter-conduct, parkour
Resumen
The following paper aims to offer a critical discussion of the unfolding politics of belonging and exclusion taking place in Turin’s regenerating cityscape as a way to illuminate the paradoxes, tensions and daily negotiations of emerging forms of social and spatial restructuring in the post-industrial city. In developing this analysis, we engage with an integrated methodological approach that privileges the voices and experiences of about 30 young men, mostly of migrant origins and aged 16–21, practicing parkour in the city’s public spaces. In addressing these issues, we focus on the participants’ engagement with one of the symbols of Turin’s (multi)cultural, community-oriented and creative renewal, the post-industrial urban park of Parco Dora in order to unpack the processes of inclusion/exclusion and the conduct of conduct enacted in the creation, management and use of the city’s regenerating areas. Our discussion of the participants’ ambivalent and contested practices in Turin’s cityscape enabled us to address how these young men re-inscribe tensions, instabilities and fault-lines relational to the ‘selective story-telling’ characterising Turin’s narratives of consensual transformation, post-industrial renaissance and (multi)cultural vitality. In particular, by engaging with the participants’ bodily and spatial negotiations in Turin’s public spaces through the lens of counter-conduct, we highlight the significance of recognising and examining partial, but productive forms of urban contestation within contemporary, pacified scenarios of urban regeneration.
URL
Negotiating obstacles in the making of a parkour site at Leitet - Children and young people's participation in area development
Autor
Nordgreen et al.
2018
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Community Development Journal
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
The article is based on the designing of a parkour site at Leitet, in the borough Laksevåg, in Bergen, Norway. It explains the different stages of participation and the process of developing the Leitet parkour site. The Municipality of Bergen plays a significant role in involving children and young people in area development. Dialogue and collaboration with residents and other actors in the area are identified as essential approaches. Laksevåg was given priority on the basis of several years of mapping and statistical research, confirming the importance of a comprehensive and coherent area development, both social and physical. The area is distinguished, negatively, from Bergen as a whole by several variables. The article also emphasizes the connection between living conditions and good social networks, active involvement, and participation in society.
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L'ontologie multiple du parkour
Autor
Daout
2018
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Université de Lausanne
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo Fin de Grado/Máster o similar
Idioma
Francés
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
Body ecology and emersive leisure: Parkour as an interdisciplinary immersion in the city environment
Autor
Lebreton & Andrieu
2018
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Body Ecology and Emersive Leisure
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
The urban environment, in its spatiality, corporeality and sociality, shows various grids of theoretical readings concerning recreational and sporting uses. To illustrate the different ways of living, we will focus our attention on the dimension of body ecology, in a will to ‘make-body’ with the environment lived because the question of how and why the environment influences health behavior remains largely unexplored. The great diversity in body and sports practices shows that urban space is now a recognised playground. The objective of this article is to apprehend urban sports practices by the prism of body immersion in the urban environment. The remarks will then be of a theoretical nature and especially in what brings together the sociology of the body and urban sociology. The body dimension is not limited to the motricity developed in the standardised places but also in what bases the intimate relation of the practitioner to his environment characteristic of what we call the practices of outdoor urbanity.
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Landscaping Selves Through Parkour: Reinterpreting the Urban Environment of Singapore
Autor
Loo & Bunnell
2018
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Space and Culture
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
parkour, Singapore, mobilities, landscape, body, more-than-representational geographies
Resumen
Drawing on cultural geographical work on mobilities and landscape, this article examines parkour in Singapore, a context in which everyday mobile practices are conventionally understood to be heavily constrained and disciplined. As an urban mobile practice that involves bodily adaptation to and dynamic interaction with the prevailing built environment, parkour reveals complex relationships between the self and the landscape. For its practitioners, the doing of parkour holds potential not only for reimagining what Singapore’s urban landscape is or can be but also for reconfiguring understandings of themselves. The term landscaping captures the continuous and concurrent shaping of self and landscape through parkour; landscapes affect individual bodies and are actively (re)constituted through embodied movement. The article engages parkour in more-than-representational terms. By segueing between discursive and phenomenological approaches to mobilities and landscape, a dual emphasis on corporeal experience and representational frameworks highlights how both create and/or regulate such mobile bodies and practices within the landscape.
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La producción del espacio: relaciones entre la ciudad edificada y los practicantes de parkour en Cali.
Autor
Velasco-Arboleda
2018
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Virajes: Revista de Antropología y Sociología
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Parkour, sociología urbana, etnografía, producción del espacio
Resumen
El artículo da cuenta de la relación que establecen los practicantes de parkour con el espacio público de la ciudad de Cali. El espacio es asumido como el resultado de la acción social que lo produce desde las representaciones, percepciones, vivencias, usos, significados, símbolos. Por ello, se realizó un acercamiento etnográfico desde la trialéctica espacial propuesta por Lefebvre (2013) a cinco escenarios de Cali, en los cuales jóvenes realizan parkour; complementando con observación participante, notas de campo, entrevistas, consulta de páginas virtuales oficiales de los grupos y fotografías. Al finalizar, se sugiere que el espacio urbano es un escenario ilimitado de acción y experiencias de libertades individuales y colectivas que propician una tensión entre el diseño urbanístico y los usos emergentes que se hacen del espacio público.
URL
‘We are rolling and vaulting tonight’: sport programmes, urban regeneration and the politics of parkour in Turin, Italy
Autor
De Martini Ugolotti
2017
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International Journal of Sport Policy
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Youth, sport policy, parkour, Citizenship, Turin, urban regeneration
Resumen
The following paper aims to contribute to an interdisciplinary field of enquiry addressing the ways in which lifestyle and informal sports can inform policy debate and development at various levels. It will do so by considering the ambivalent position that parkour is taking within policies of urban and community re-branding enacted in Turin, Italy. Parkour in Turin is an increasingly structured discipline often endorsed by events celebrating the city’s vibrancy, and by local projects that target youth, and promote social participation. However, this discipline implies also a spontaneous and irreverent engagement with urban spaces that often creates frictions and conflicts between traceurs (parkour practitioners) and other actors in relation to what constitutes the public, how it should be used and by whom. Drawing on 14 months of ethnographic research with a group of 20 traceurs predominantly of migrant origins, this study focuses on the participants’ ambivalent engagement with one project promoting social participation through sports in Turin’s urban spaces. Building on the ethnographic material, this paper addresses the emerging relationship between social projects, informal urban practices and emerging forms of creative urbanism.
URL
Informal sport, institutionalisation, and sport policy: challenging the sportization of parkour in England
Autor
Wheaton & O'Loughlin
2017
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International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Lifestyle sport, informality, youth sport, sport policy, institutionalisation, community dance, parkour
Resumen
Initiatives using parkour and parkour-inspired hybrid activities are emerging in increasingly varied settings from formal physical education to the performance arts. This proliferation in England has led to the need for more formal governance resulting in the formation of a Sport England-sanctioned national governing body, Parkour UK.
In this paper, we document attempts to challenge the perceived sportization process in England through the emergence of Performance-Parkour [2PK] a version of parkour practice rooted in the performance arts. We discuss the implications of these developments for maintaining parkour’s diversity and inclusivity as a practice for inspiring participation. We draw on a range of data sources including observations, formal interviews, and reflections from different positions from academic outsides to involved practitioner. We then consider the implications of these developments for maintaining parkour’s diversity and inclusivity as a practice for inspiring participation, particularly with regard to pedagogic style and gender inclusion. This process highlights some of the challenges and difficulties in the institutionalisation of an informal movement practice into an organised and formalised one. Our paper therefore contributes to our understanding of the role informal sporting activities can play in promoting inclusive and equitable physical cultures, and provides insights into emergent boundary-crossing practices that are situated between sports and the arts.
URL
Parkour, Deviance and Leisure in the Late-capitalist city: An Ethnography
Autor
Raymen
2018
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Emerald Publishing Limited
Tipo de publicación
Libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
Parkour and the City: Risk, Masculinity, and Meaning in a Postmodern Sport
Autor
Neville
2018
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Gender & Society
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista - Revisión de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
Da Rua para o Mundo: Etnografia Urbana Comparada do Graffiti e do Parkour
Autor
Ferreira
2018
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Análise Social
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista - Revisión de libro
Idioma
Portugés
Palabras clave
Resumen
URL
Wall terrains: Architecture, body culture and parkour
Autor
Nilsson
2018
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Urban Walls: Political and Cultural Meanings of Vertical Structures and Surfaces
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
Walls are concrete objects, but the way this concreteness is played out in a given situation is not only an effect related to bodily incorporated skills but also relative to the shared understandings of a body culture determining whether a wall acts like a fence, something to be crossed, or as part of a configuration of a different kind. Building on an understanding of walls and bodies as specific figurations this chapter uses the traceur and the development of parkour as its main example and develops a multiple and relational perspective on walls and bodies by describing how they are part in articulating and stabilizing different terrains. What is striking about parkour is that the architecture traceurs are drawn to promote a strong territorialization, but the trajectory of the traceur’s movement often plots a neglecting of this territorialization. Traceurs strive on the territorialization of other terrains and the topography created by them. In doing so, the traceurs not only become tracers of their own terrain formation, they also inform us that however strong the history of urban walls is as objects segregating and sustaining different territorial claims, we can never take the category “wall” for granted.
URL
Risk perception evaluation in parents and/or guardians of a group of beginner traceurs before and after parkour practice
Autor
Gavira et al.
2018
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Journal of Physical Education and Sport
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Parkour, Risk Perception, Education, Physical Activity.
Resumen
The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk perception of parents and/or guardians of a group of beginner traceurs before and after parkour practice. Although the existing information about it was limited and had numerous distortions, it was successfully executed. This research has been carried out from interviews applied to 15 parents/guardians before and after a program of parkour practice. To this end, the sessions were recorded and subsequently viewed with the parents, creating a discussion forum. From the first interviews, in which almost all the parents had had the view that it was a very dangerous activity until the last interview, most of the interviewees changed their opinion, thinking that the risk of parkour depended mostly on its use by the person.
URL
Parkour as a Donor Sport for Athletic Development in Youth Team Sports: Insights Through an Ecological Dynamics Lens
Autor
Strafford et al.
2018
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Sports Medicine - Open
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Affordances; Athletic Skills Model; Athletic development; Donor sport; Early diversification.
Resumen
Analyses of talent development in sport have identified that skill can be enhanced through early and continued involvement in donor sports which share affordances (opportunities for action) with a performer's main target sport. Aligning key ideas of the Athletic Skills Model and ecological dynamics theory, we propose how the sport of parkour could provide a representative and adaptive platform for developing athletic skill (e.g. coordination, timing, balance, agility, spatial awareness and muscular strength). We discuss how youth sport development programmes could be (re) designed to include parkour-style activities, in order to develop general athletic skills in affordance-rich environments. It is proposed that team sports development programmes could particularly benefit from parkour-style training since it is exploratory and adaptive nature shapes utilisation of affordances for innovative and autonomous performance by athletes. Early introduction to varied, relevant activities for development of athleticism and skill, in a diversified training programme, would provide impetus for a fundamental shift away from the early specialisation approach favoured by traditional theories of skill acquisition and expertise in sport.
URL
Cuerpos y trazos en el lienzo urbano: la práctica del parkour en Cali
Autor
Velasco
2018
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Universidad del Valle
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo Fin de Grado/Máster o similar
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Sociología urbana, Espacios urbanos, Deportes extremos, Cuerpo, Sociología del deporte, Uso del tiempo, Etnografía, Tiempo libre, Jóvenes, Cali (Valle del Cauca), Sociología
Resumen
La ciudad ha sido desde hace tiempo un espacio de interés para diversos investigadores de las ciencias sociales en diferentes épocas, dadas las diversas interacciones y usos del espacio que convergen en ella, en este sentido se hace importante contribuir a los estudios de la vida urbana, para comprender cómo se produce el espacio público desde las representaciones, percepciones, vivencias, usos, significados, símbolos, a partir de una práctica en específico. Para el caso de este trabajo, se revisó el Parkour que consiste en el desplazamiento por la arquitectura urbana de manera efectiva y eficiente usando únicamente el cuerpo humano. Cabe mencionar que el Parkour coloca en tensión el diseño urbanístico y los usos emergentes que se hacen del espacio público, lo cual es un tema contemporáneo relevante en lo que respecta a la comprensión de la ciudad y las nuevas formas de habitarla, teniendo en cuenta que el uso de los espacios públicos es una cuestión central en la vida de cualquier ciudadano. Por lo tanto, la importancia de esta investigación está en la elaboración de una etnografía urbana de algunos espacios públicos de la ciudad de Cali en los que se realiza la práctica del Parkour, que aunque no sea autóctona de Colombia, ha tomado fuerza por las narrativas visuales de esta en medios masivos de comunicación y en gran medida por su difusión en las redes sociales a partir de los videos elaborados por practicantes de todo el mundo que exploran la ciudad con diversas apropiaciones espaciales. Para la indagación se tuvo como base teórica la trialéctica espacial propuesta por Lefebvre (1974) -espacio percibido, espacio concebido, espacio vivido-, la noción de descripción densa (Geertz, 1973) y el enfoque microsociológico de Goffman (1979) aplicado a los contextos urbanos. Es decir, el objetivo de la investigación fue comprender la relación que establecen los practicantes de Parkour con el espacio público de la ciudad de Cali, la cual problemátiza la idea de que las construcciones arquitectonicas al estar preestablecidas funcionalmente, la vida cotidiana solo tiene lugar a partir del conjunto de normas y ordenaciones de comportamiento que son implícitas a la vida pública en la que las personas coexisten. No obstante, están algunas prácticas como el Parkour que hacen un uso alternativo del espacio público logrando impregnarlo de significados, símbolos y cristalizaciones al punto de concebir el espacio funcional como un espacio de vida.
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Formas de socialización, industrias culturales y nuevas sensibilidades; explorando los mundos juveniles
Autor
Vanegas
2017
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Universidad de Antioquía
Tipo de publicación
Trabajo Fin de Grado/Máster o similar
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
Resumen
El trabajo tiene como propósito principal generar una exploración crítica por las realidades juveniles en el mundo actual, el concepto de industrias culturales permitió la comprensión crítica del arte y el entretenimiento en el mercado capitalista, por otro lado el concepto de nuevas sensibilidades posibilitó comprender a los mundos juveniles en sus potencialidades como constructores de nuevas relaciones sociales y nuevas pautas culturales cargadas con contenidos éticos renovados.
URL
El parkour como práctica cultural, un análisis desde las relaciones de poder
Autor
Gutiérrez
2017
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Cuerpo, cultura y movimiento
Tipo de publicación
Artículo de revista
Idioma
Español
Palabras clave
parkour, cultura, prácticas juveniles, movimiento, ciudad, poder, hegemonía.
Resumen
Desde hace más de una década, en Colombia ha estado creciendo una comunidadde jóvenes que se dedica a la práctica del parkour, actividad física en la que se utiliza el cuerpo para desplazarse por los espacios urbanos y naturales, desarrollando diferentes tipos de movimientos y acrobacias. El presente artículo se aproxima a este como una nueva práctica cultural, que no ha sido suficientemente explorada por la academia colombiana, sobre la cual se resignifican los espacios y se construyen valores comunes entre los practicantes; quienes rompen con las estructuras de significado hegemónicas que se circunscriben sobre los espacios, para proponer una forma deinteracción diferente entre los sujetos y la ciudad.
URL
Signposting risk Parkour parks and the materialities of regulation
Autor
Gilchrist & Osborn
2017
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Lifestyle Sports and Public Policy
Tipo de publicación
Capítulo de libro
Idioma
Inglés
Palabras clave
Resumen
This chapter draws upon a longitudinal study of the evolution of parkour spaces in the UK in order to illustrate how parkour is being co-constructed with, and by, the law. We subject to close examination the information sign at the parkour park as a material and symbolic artefact that can both illuminate the values and philosophies of the sport, as well as being a socio-legal artefact that may document processes of juridification: the enfolding of sport into legal and regulatory frameworks and modes of thinking. We read the sign as a 'text', albeit one that may include pictorial depictions, which makes known an underlying reality about the culture of parkour at a particular moment. The sign is read as a correspondence to truth in that we see it as reflecting an objective reality, anchoring key messages which are derived from the inputs of various actors - traceurs, parkour crews, coaches, local authorities, facilities providers - as they have come to reflect and debate the meanings of the activity. Signs are also viewed in explicitly cultural terms, informing us how parkour space is being imagined, how place is made and how cultural meanings are asserted. We also attend to the contexts of the sign, its changing form and content as different iterations of advice and guidance have appeared at parkour parks over time. In this respect, the sign is read not only for its prescriptions of behaviour occuring at the site and how it structures citizenship, but also how it reveals evolving policies and adherences to legal stipulations around permissible risk and safe practice, in ways that can lead to a sharper legal contextualisation of parkour spaces
URL
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